Matteo Ricci and Sino-Western Cultural Exchange

Abstract

Matteo Ricci, an Italian Jesuit active in China from the late 16th to early 17th century, pioneered a new model of East-West cultural exchange through his "accommodation strategy." Over nearly thirty years of missionary work in China, Ricci not only propagated Christianity but also introduced Western science, mathematics, and geography, gaining respect and recognition from the Ming dynasty's scholar-officials. His collaboration with Xu Guangqi in translating Euclid’s Elements became a key bridge for scientific exchange between China and the West, exemplifying the far-reaching impact of Christianity and Western science in China. Furthermore, by deeply studying Confucian thought, Ricci sought to align Christian doctrines with traditional Chinese ethics, laying the groundwork for cultural adaptation in the spread of Christianity. Ricci’s influence extended beyond China. His writings introduced Confucian philosophy to Europe, prompting Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire and Leibniz to reassess the similarities and differences between Eastern and Western cultures. His depictions of China stimulated intellectual interest in Chinese philosophy, ethics, and governance, thereby promoting dialogue and integration between East and West. Ricci set a precedent for future intercultural exchanges and laid the foundation for cross-cultural communication in a globalized context. His work highlights the importance of cultural understanding and adaptation, offering valuable lessons for today’s global dialogue.